What are the different kinds of tea and their qualities?

Although there are a great number of different teas on the market today to choose from, it is interesting to note that the species of plant, that being Camellia sinensis, is the one which all teas, other than the herbal variety, are derived from.

Black tea is the world's most popular tea. However, it does not have as much anti oxidant availability as other teas and contains more caffeine. Nevertheless, its health-enhancing properties make it worthy of consideration. For example, black tea is reported to balance blood sugar levels, regulate blood pressure and help with stress reduction, as well as aid a sharper memory and increase mental alertness. When brewed, black tea has a reddy brown colour and a strong flavour.

White tea, which is actually a very pale green, is the rarest and least processed of all teas. It has the highest level of antioxidants of the four main types of tea and the lowest amount of caffeine. Studies into the benefits of white tea include the prevention of dental plaque, enhanced immunity, protection against skin cell damage and possibly some forms of cancer.

Green tea is similar to white in that it too is non-oxidised. The difference between them both, however, is that rolled leaves and not simply the buds go into the manufacture of Green tea. It produces a grassy taste, similar to white and is low in caffeine and high in antioxidants in comparison to black tea. Where green tea actually comes into its own, however, is that it is particularly rich in catechin polyphenols which make it one powerful antioxidant. In fact, research has shown green tea can help fight cancer whilst not damaging normal healthy cells. In addition it is said to lower cholesterol levels, inhibit the formation of abnormal blood clots and event prevent tooth decay!

Yellow tea is closely related to green tea. Its characteristics are a bright yellow colour and sweet mellow taste. Research into the benefits of yellow tea is limited and health claims cannot be made with absolute certainty. However, it is speculated that it may offer some protection against cancer and diabetes, ease or prevent diseases of the cardiovascular system and promote longevity due to its high antioxidant content, although the same can be said of all foods with high antioxidant availability. In conclusion, it is considered by some to be a delicious brew with added health benefits.

Oolong tea is half way between green and black tea and combines the colour and taste of both. It may be of considerable interest to slimmers, and quite rightly so as it has been shown to increase metabolism, burn fat and block the absorption of dietary fat. Its benefits do not stop there though, as studies have shown it to promote heart health, treat skin disorders, reduce high blood pressure, kill bacteria and even complement diabetes treatment.

Pu-erh tea is deep reddish in colour and has an earthy taste about it. It is said to aid in digestion and fat metabolism and may be incorporated into a sensible weight loss plan. This tea is unique in that it constantly "matures" and if left out in the open air will continue to do so year after year.